Malcolm Pines 95th Anniversary / Aniversário de Malcolm Pines

Malcolm Pines 95^thAnniversary

25th April 2020

Malcolm Pines is a former consultant psychotherapist, at Tavistock Clinic and Maudsley Hospital, a past President of the International Association of Group Psychotherapy, a founder member of the Institute of Group Analysis, a past President of the Group-Analytic Society and a former Editor of Group Analysisand the International Library of Group Analysis.

According to Dieter Nitzgen (2015) he have been a prolific writer with contribution at countless books and professional journals, and also author of very important group analytic books which now they have become classics, namely: “On Bion and Group Psychotherapy” (1985), “The Ring of Fire” (1994) together with V. Schermer and “The Evolution of Group Analysis”(2000).Also he have been the editor of large number of important group analytic books.

He was born in London (England) in the year 1925, son of Jewish Parents: the Father, a Russian Medical Ophthalmologist and the Mother, an Estonian Medical Physician. He was raised under influence of the Parents’ Russian language and English from governesses and nannies. He made his medical studies at Cambridge and finished his medical training in London. At very recent published interview, he stated that: “So, when I came to London as a medical student, I told my father that, when I’d qualified in medicine, I would go into psychiatry, and I would like to train as a psychoanalyst” (Tubert-Oklander, J. & Hernández-Tubert R., 2010; p.481).

At the age of 20-21 years, after being interview by the Training Secretary of the British Institute of Psychoanalysis, Major John Bowlby. He started his personal analysis with Adrian Stephen, the younger brother of Virginia Woolf. But this first analytic process ended after 18 months, because the analyst died.

After his psychiatric training at the Maudsley Hospital, he went to the Castle Hospital with Tom Maine, to work in therapeutic community for next 10 years. Meanwhile, he was always halftime in the National Health Service and halftime in private practice.

When he came back to London, he went to see Donald Winnicott for advice about a new analyst. Donald Winnicott proposed him, a list of psychoanalysts, such as, Hannah Segal and Margaret Little. (Kleinian), but under influence of his sister who was also a psychoanalytic candidate and a medical doctor, she presented him to Hilda Abraham, daughter of Karl Abraham, who suggested another list of psychoanalysts (Freudian) Among them, there was mentioned a Michael Foulkes who was working at the Maudsley Hospital.

Malcolm Pines undertake another personal analysis with M. Foulkes and begun to attend the Group Analytic Society and also seeing groups: “I was training at the Maudsley, for Foulkes’ work. There was a big outpatient department that had many groups; we used to supervise each other, meet together, and we felt that this was a new approach” (Tubert-Oklander, J. & Hernández-Tubert R., 2010, p.487). In those times he worked with Robin Skynner, Jim Home, and Dennis Brown.

Meanwhile, he started to run seminars at the British Institute of Psychoanalysis the first was about the “American contributions to Psychoanalysis” where he presented Hartmann, Kris, and Loewenstein. Meanwhile, he was also interested in other American psychoanalysts, like George Klein, Hans Loewald, Heinz Lichtenstein and Arnold Modell.

His first published paper was about the Masters and Johnson’s investigation about sexuality (Pines, 1968) and like latter on he was asked to give another seminar about sex and sexuality.

After the Castle Hospital therapeutic community experience, he went to a big teaching hospital, St. George’s Hospital, where he asked to change the inpatient ward culture, which used to be very classical, very organic, to a psychodynamic model. There, he had created another therapeutic community, with a therapeutic milieu.

Since, he was quite close to M. Foulkes and Robin Skynner, leaders for the development of group analysis, after the sudden death of M. Foulkes, the group analytic community turned to him to become one of the movement leaders. About that experience he wrote a little paper published in an American journal, called ‘Being the Shepherd’ (Pines, 2000).

Bibliographic References:

Nitzgen, D. (2015). Editorial: Malcolm Pines. Group Analysis, Vol. 48(2): 113–114; DOI: 10.1177/0533316415580502.

Pines, M. (1968). ‘A Discussion of the Work of Masters and Johnson’. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 12.

Pines, M. (1969). ‘Human Sexuality Revisited’. Bulletin of the British Psychoanalytical Society, 28: 1–26.

Pines, M. (1978). Group Analytic Psychotherapy of the Borderline Patient. Group Analysis, Vol. 11: 115- 126.

Pines, M. (1980). What to Expect in the Psychotherapy of the Borderline Patient. Group Analysis, Vol.13: 168-177.

Pines, M. (ed.) (1983). The Evolution of Group Analysis. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Pines, M. (1985). ‘On the Question of Revision of the Standard Edition of Freud’s Writing’. International Review of Psycho-Analysis12(1): 1–2.

Pines, M. (ed.) (1985a). Bion and Group Psychotherapy. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Pines, M. (1986a). ‘On History and Psychoanalysis’. In: M. Pines (1998) Circular Reflections: Selected Papers on Group Analysis and Psychoanalysis, pp. 167–81. London: Jessica Kingsley.

Pines, M. (1986b). ‘Psychoanalysis, Psychodrama and Group Psychotherapy: Step-Children of Vienna’, Group Analysis, 19(2): 101–2.

Pines, M. (1993a). ‘Psychoanalysis and Group Analysis: The Jews and the Germans’. In: Pines, M. (1998) Circular Reflections: Selected Papers on Group Analysis and Psychoanalysis. London: Jessica Kingsley, pp. 153–145.

Pines, M. (1993b). ‘Interpretation: Why, for Whom, and When?’ In: Kennard, D., Roberts, J. and Winter, D.A., A Workbook of Group-Analytic Interventions. London: Routledge, pp. 138–145.

Pines, M. (2000). ‘Shepherding Group Analysis: Shepherds Past, Present and Future.’ Group Analysis, Vol 24(1): 49.

Pines, M. (1991). ‘Once More the Question of Revising the Standard Edition’. International Review of Psycho-Analysis,18: 325–30.

Pines, M. (1998). ‘Forgotten Pioneers: The Unwritten History of the Therapeutic Community Movement’, Therapeutic Communities. The International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organization20(1):1999.

Pines, Malcolm (Ed.) (2000).”The Evolution of Group Analysis”. (Ed.) International Library of Group Analysis, Jessica Kingsley.

Pines, M. (2000a). ‘Shepherding Group Analysis: Shepherds Past, Present and Future.’ Group Analysis, Vol 24(1): 49.

Pines, M. (2003). ‘Social Brain and Social Group: How Mirroring Connects People’, Group Analysis, 36(4): 507–13.

Pines, M. (2006). ‘How Can Group Analysis Become an Academic Discipline?’ Group Analysis, 39(2): 273–80.

Pines, M. (2015). Steps Towards A Basic Theory Of Groups, Group Analysis, Vol. 48(2): 120–125; DOI: 10.1177/0533316415579396.

Tubert-Oklander, J. & Hernández-Tubert R. (2010). A Conversation with Malcolm Pines: Part One. Group Analysis, Vol 43(4): 476–495; DOI: 10.1177/0533316410380838.

Tubert-Oklander, J. & Hernández-Tubert R. (2011). A Conversation with Malcolm Pines: Part Two. Group Analysis, Vol 44(1): 3–26; DOI: 10.1177/0533316410387744.

Listing of Some Published Books: